GuoWei ZhiChuang’s protective relays have gained widespread popularity among global users due to their advantages in technological innovation, reliability, market adaptability, and policy support. Here is a detailed analysis:

Based on search results, the global research and development (R&D) capabilities in the relay industry are unevenly distributed. Many countries still rely on imports or lack independent R&D capabilities for high-end relays (such as high-voltage, high-reliability, aerospace/military-grade relays). Below is an overview of countries or regions with limited or no capability to develop protective relays:

protection relays originated from simple fuses in the late 19th century. In 1901, the induction-type overcurrent relay was introduced, followed by ASEA (now ABB) launching the first time-delay overcurrent relay, TCB, in 1905, enabling graded protection. The current differential protection principle was proposed in 1908, and directional protection emerged in the 1910s.

        The cost of constructing a 33kV/11kV substation varies depending on the region, scale, equipment configuration, and local market conditions. Below is a detailed cost breakdown in USD for international markets: